In depth: UWV fund to introduce Paris-aligned Benchmark

The pension fund for the Netherlands’ social security provider UWV is the first Dutch scheme to introduce a Paris-aligned Benchmark (PAB), having set a 50% CO₂ reduction target for 2022.

The PAB aims to bring investments in line with the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rises to below 2°C and includes a commitment to climate neutrality by 2050. The benchmark introduced by UWV, which pays out unemployment and disability benefits on behalf of the Dutch state, encompasses all investment categories, said Marcel Snijders, the fund’s director.

In this, UWV goes further than AP2 – the Swedish pension fund announced the adoption of a PAB last year, but only for its foreign equities and corporate bond portfolios.

The PAB bans investments in companies that have more than 1% of their turnover from thermal coal, 10% from oil and/or 50% from natural gas, thereby in effect excluding the entire fossil fuels industry from its investment universe. Utilities that are dependent on fossil fuels for more than 50% of revenues are also ruled out.

In March last year UWV, which in principle is a passive investor, had already made the switch to a MSCI ESG Leaders Index for its developed markets equity mandate. This index only invests in the 50% of companies with the highest ESG ratings per sector.

The pension fund also already uses ESG benchmarks for its corporate bond portfolio. As a result of this, CO₂ emissions have already been reduced by 31%.

High-yield bonds

This year, the pension fund will proceed to sell its investments in oil and gas companies, utilities with coal-fired power plants and miners with coal mining activities. UWV’s investments in high-yield bonds already emit 70% less CO₂ than the benchmark, according to Snijders.

He said: “Our high-yield manager has an active investment style and hardly allocates to fossil fuels, even though the high-yield index has a relatively high exposure to the industry.”

This is especially the case for US high yield, a category UWV disinvested from last year. This is not directly related to the fund’s climate policy, but follows from “a desire to reduce complexity”, according to Snijders.

UWV has invested the proceeds of the sale in its European high-yield portfolio, which is managed by Danish asset manager Capital Four.

These additional measures guarantee UWV will reach its goal of 50% CO₂ reduction by the end of 2022, said Snijders. The pension fund is also in the process of reducing the carbon footprint of its non-listed assets “by allocating to sustainable real estate funds and wind and solar farms in our infrastructure portfolio,” he added.

UWV is not the first Dutch pension fund to announce climate neutrality by 2050. The country’s largest two funds ABP and PFZW have already committed to this goal, with the latter aiming to reduce the net emissions of its investment portfolio to zero already by 2040.

Neither of these funds have, however, detailed how they will reach their targets. Both remain invested in fossil fuels for the time being, for example.

SDG filters

The PAB includes a requirement to reduce carbon emissions by an additional 7% each year, in order to reach the goal of zero emissions by 2050. UWV plans to meet this target by introducing additional filters based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in its passively managed portfolios.

In this regard, Snijders specifically mentioned the possibility of introducing a CO₂ filter, contributing to SDG 13 (Climate Action). “This way, companies with high carbon emissions get a lower weighting in the benchmark and consequently in the portfolio too,” he said, adding: “A consequence of this is that sector weightings could change within the benchmark.”

A final choice about adding SDG factors to the benchmark will be made at a later point in time.

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